In her book, “Warrior Women,” Jeannine Davis-Kimball, Ph.D. outlines the archeological evidence of a vast cross-cultural exchange that stretched from Central Asia to Ireland (from around 6000 B.C. to the early centuries A.D.). 
She discovered that there were powerful woman warriors and warrior priestesses throughout these cultures. They were the keepers of the wisdom associated with the Mother Goddess.
At one site she describes how
ritual swords and daggers were magnificently emblazoned with a gold profusion of parading winged horses and snow leopards,Trees of Life …
Given their incredible wealth of gold and icons emblazoned with supernatural power, it takes little imagination to realize that these warrior priestesses had attained authority.
Dr. Davis-Kimball also provides evidence that underscores the great shift that occurred with the rise of patriarchal influence. She found indications of women being purged from positions of power and influence. Anything to do with the Great Goddess was subsumed by the new patriarchal reality.
Source:
“Warrior Women,” Jeannine Davis-Kimball, Ph.D., Warner Books, Inc., NY, NY, 2002, pg. 237.